Implementing the Endangered Species Act

Exorcising Ambiguity from the Endangered Species Act: Critical Habitat as an Example Implementing the Endangered Species

The Endangered Species Act of 1973 has challenged scientists perhaps more than any other legislation. In response, the scope of wildlife biology has been redefined and expanded, adaptive management has evolved into a population recovery technique, population viability analysis and other problem solving methods are being developed, and the very definition of a biological species is being reexami...

Economics of the Endangered Species Act

T he Endangered Species Act of 1973 addresses the market failure associated with the unpriced social benefits of such species. Robert Barnwell Roosevelt might have been envisioning such an act in his 1865 book Superior Fishing, where he wrote: ‘‘By these means can the seductive little beauties, whether of the feathered, furred, or scaly tribe . . . be preserved through endless time in undiminis...

The Effectiveness of the Endangered Species Act: A Quantitative Analysis

Intelligent Tinkering: the Endangered Species Act and Resilience

The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is one of the most powerful and controversial environmental laws in the United States. As a result of its uncompromising position against biodiversity loss, the ESA has become the primary driver of many ecological restoration efforts in the United States. This article explains why the ESA has become the impetus for so many of these efforts and assesses the stren...

Geography and recovery under the U.S. Endangered Species Act.

The U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) defines an endangered species as one "at risk of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range." The prevailing interpretation of this phrase, which focuses exclusively on the overall viability of listed species without regard to their geographic distribution, has led to development of listing and recovery criteria with fundamental concept...